chap.1 economics class 9

MCQ
(i) Multiple cropping stands for:
(a) Hybrid plantation method (b) Plantation using many techniques
(c) The practice of growing more than one crop on a same piece of land during a year
(d) Growing mandatorily four crops
(ii) Bigha and Guintha are:
(a) Type of soil (b) Type of seeds (c) Type of rabi crop
(d) Two local units of measuring land area in villages
(iii) Fixed capital stands for:
(a) Tools, machines, buildings etc. which can be used in production over many years
(b) Money deposited in the bank
(c) Money with the proprietor
(d) Total share of capital
(iv) Which one of the following is a non-economic activity?
(a) Milkman selling milk (b) Farmer sowing seeds
(c) A mother cooking for her family (d) Nurse working in a hospital
1. Explain the following terms: Labour, Physical Capital, Fixed Capital, Working Capital, Human
Capital, Multiple Cropping, and Green Revolution.
2. Name the factors of production.
3. What do you mean by physical capital?
4. Why is human capital an essential input for production of goods and services?
5. What is the difference between multiple cropping and modern farming method?
6. What are the sources of irrigation?
7. How has spread of electricity helped the farmers in Palampur?
8. Is it important to increase the area under irrigation?  Why?
9. What is the basic constraint in raising farm production in Palampur?
10. Who are the agricultural labourers?
11. How do some farmers accumulate savings?
12. Name some non-farming activities taking place in villages of India?
13. What is the reason for migration of rural population?
14. Why do farmers in Palampur work for wages lower than minimum wages set by the government?
15. Why is the cost of cultivation is rising very fast in villages especially in areas of Punjab?
16. Why is market an essential input for farming and non-farming activities?
17. Why do farmers engage in small-scale manufacturing in villages?
18. Why is it essential to use the resources like land and other natural resources wisely?
19. What does physical capital include?
20. How do farmers obtain capital for farming?
21. How has modern farming methods led to loss of soil fertility?
22. Modern farming methods require the farmer to start with more cash than before. Why?

tenses

Fill in the blanks with correct form of the words given in the brackets:
1) When I   _________ (arrive) at the station , Sunita was ________ (wait)
for me. She ________ (wear) a blue dress and ________ (look) very hear
what she _______ (say) as everyone ________ (make) such a noise.
2) The  roof of the hall of a school building _______ (fall) down in heavy
rains yesterday night. Five persons _______ (die) on the spot. The
building_______ (be) under construction. According to the neighbours
about fifteen persons ______ (sleep) in the hall. Most of the victims
_____ ( be) labour class.
3) Yesterday I _____ ( try) to take notes while the teacher ______(explain)
a topic in the class. Since she _______(not speak) loudly, it ______ (be)
difficult to hear what she was saying.
4) When I ______(reach) Madhu’s house, she ______(leave) already.
Though I ______ (reach) there at the appointed time ,yet she
______(leave). Thus I ______ ( come)  back disappointed.
5) Last Sunday when I _______( return ) home late at night, I was shocked
to find my house unlocked. Someone ________ (break) into my house in
my absence. All the boxes ______ (be) opened . I ______ ( check) my
locker in which I ______ ( put) my money but it  ______ ( vanish). I
______ ( report) the matter to the police.
6) At present the children _______ ( play) in the garden. They _____(finish)
their homework. They _______( play) for an hour and then _____
(watch) TV.
7) Ram had invited his friend Shyam on his birthday. When
Shyam_______(reach) his house, his classmates ______ ( come) already.
Ram ________ ( introduce) Shyam to everyone and then_______(serve)
snacks to them. After he ______ (cut) the cake, they_______ (dance) as
they ________ (decide).8) Yesterday I ______ (see) a speeding car hit a scooterist who ______ (fall)
unconscious. The poor fellow ______ (bleed) profusely before the
people _______ (take) him to the hospital. The man ________ (struggle)
for his life but _____ (breathe) his last after an hour.
9) Rajesh ______ (sit) in the train at this time tomorrow. We _____ (go) to
see him off. He ______ (stay) with us for almost a month. He ________
(promise) that he _______ (visit) us again next year.
10 ) Jagdish _______ (climb ) the stairs when he ______ ( fall) down and
________ (break) his leg. The doctor _______ (advise) him a month’s rest.
He_______ (not able) to take his Terminal Exams and  ______ (be) very
upset about it.
11) I ______ (look) forward to go to England, next year. I _______ (plan) to
stay there for a few years. I _______ (come) back and  ______ (serve)
my country.
12) I ______ (have) a strange dream when I _______ (sleep) last night. I
_______ (wake) up with a start and _______ (realise) that I ________
(dream)

reported speech

CHANGE THE FOLLOWING INTO REPORTED SPEECH:

1. He said, “I am playing cricket.”

2. He says, “I am done my duty.”

3. You will say to him, “I will apologise for my behavior.”

4. She said to me, “I was waiting for  my sister.”

5. The teacher said to Prabha, “ Have you done your homework?”

6. The owner said to the servant, “ will you come tomorrow?”

7. The doctor said to the patient, “Did you take your medicine?”

8. My friend said, “Burglars broke into my house last night.”

9. Deepak said, “My friend has been singing for two hours.”

10. I said to my mother, “I am writing a letter.”

11. He said to me, “Is your brother unwell?”

12. The stranger said to me, “Please help me”

13. Mr. John said to Jenny, “What are you doing now?”

14. Jaya said, “I shall succeed in my goal.”

15. You said to me, “Is your friends loyal?”

16. The teacher said, “Two and five make seven.”

17. He said to me, “I know you very well.”

18. The teacher said to the students, “The sun rises in the East and sets in the West.”

19. The scientist asked the teacher, “Should I help you?”

20. I said to him, “Work hard for a better tomorrow.”

21. She said to me, “What are you doing?”

22. The teacher said to the Principal, “Please grant me leave.”

23. He says, “I shall go to Bikaner.”

24. He said to me, “Can I help you?”

25. I said to Mohan, “Can I help you?”

26. I said to him, “Where you absent at the festival last week?”

27. She said to the peon, “Post the letter at once.”

28. My father said to me, “Where were you last night?”

29. She said to me, “You will go to Mumbai next week.”

30. The head of the family said to his sons, “Don't waste your time.”

31. Newton said, “Every action has an equal and opposite reaction.”32. The teacher said, “Do not read so fast.”

33. He said, “Be quiet and listen to my words.”

34. The thief said to the other thieves, “Where will you be hiding in the jungle?”

35. The fox said to the crow, “I want to listen to your song.”

36. The mother said to the children, “Don't make a noise.”

37. The old man said to the guests, “Please wait for some time.”

38. She said to him, “How do you feel now?”

39. The teacher said to us , “Don't misbehave.”

40. “I will come to Delhi next month,” my uncle said.

41. The bookseller said to me, “Which pen do you want?”

42. The students said to me, “We have been reading the newspaper for the last thirty 

minutes.”

43. They said to me, “Mr. Parikesh is the best teacher.”

44. Ramesh will say, “I am the owner of this shop.”

45. The guide said to the students, ”Ashoka renounced war after the victory over 

Kalinga.”

46. The customer said to the shopkeeper, “Will you show me a good television set?”

47. “Where do you live?” asked the manager.

48. The Sadhu said to his disciples, “Do not blame others for your failures.”

49. The teacher said, “You have done it correctly.”

50. He said , “ Can I help you under the circumstances?”

51. I  said to her, “You should tell everything to your brother.”

52. The officer said to the clerk, “Do it immediately.”

53. Pankaj said to Pranav, “Wait here till I return.”

54. I said to him, “My friend will have arrived at his office by now.”

55. The leader said to the peon,  “Make a cup of coffee for me.”

56. The doctor said to the patient, “Don't smoke.”

57. I said to the child,  “Don't  peep into the well.”

58. Vandana asked her father, “Have you opened the account in the bank?”

59. My grandfather says, “ I cannot stay in Delhi any longer.”

60. I said to the girl, “Go home right now”

class 8 eng grammar

1.    Given below is a profile of Mahatma Gandhi. Write a bio-sketch.

·         Born-2 oct 1989

·         Died-30 jan 1948-shot dead

·         Mother –pious lady

·         Father-diwan of state

·         Education-early education-india-higher studies-england-passed law.

·         Practiced law-south Africa- discrimination against laws

·         Freedom of movement- went to jail-many times-led india  to freedom-truth and non-violence- uplift of harjians-hindu muslim unity.

     

2.    Varun khanna is a student of xyz school. He has just returned from an international kite festival held in ahmedabad .  The visit was organized by the school under the supervision and control of the Vice-Principal. The party also visited other important and cultural places in Ahmedabad .write a letter to your sister who lives in mumbai about your experience in ahmedabad in 120 words.

3.    You recently read an article in the newspaper on various causes of anxiety and worry  

amongst the students appearing for various competitive examinations. Your cousin is also preparing for one of them. You decide to give him tips on how to cope with the examinations stress. Taking help from the verbal inputs given below and your own ideas. Write a letter to your cousin in not more than 150 - 170 words.

        Clues:

·       Manage your time effectively by working out a time table

·       Maintain balance between all the subjects

·       Practise regularly to build speed

·       Relax and meditate

·       Develop a hobby and exercise regularly

·       Take failure in your stride

·       Try again

·       Set realistic goals

   

      4.   Write a paragraph using the notes of a journalist on the issue of extinction of species.

                     

          ON THE VERGE OF EXTINCTION

         • Project-  launched –Natural History Museum, London

         • Protection of vast species

         • Mass wipe out in Decades

         • Consequence of human action--- wars, taking away too much from

            nature, hunting, loss of habitats

   5.      Harish had the conversation given below with a client who wanted to speak to his boss Mr. Sharma. Since he was going out immediately afterwards, he left a message for him. Read the conversation and write out the message is not more than 50 words.

            Put the message in a box.                                                                                                 (5 marks)

            Mr Asif           :  Hello, could I please speak to Mr Sharma?

            Harish  :     I’m afraid he is not in at the moment. He won’t be back till after lunch. Could I be of help to you?

            Mr Asif :       Yes, please. This is Asif from Garment Designers Fabricators here. I would like to meet him to discuss the new project our firm plans to take up with your firm. When can I do so?

            Harish :            He will be in office all day tomorrow. You could come at 10 in the morning. Would that be all right?

            Mr Asif :         Yes, that will be fine, thank you.

6.    Vishal Mehra of Class IX is a theatre enthusiast and is interested in entering an inter-school play competition being held to celebrate the Independence Day of India. His teacher has told him the school could enter the competition if he finds enough volunteers before 10 July to take care of all the work – acting, directing, costumes, props, lights, etc.

            He decides to write a notice for the notice-board asking for participants and volunteers. Write out the notice in not more than 50 words. Give the notice an appealing heading.

            Put your notice in a box.

 

7. The fact that many of the young children of today live and grow up in unhygienic surroundings, ill nourished and illiterate, upsets you. Write a letter to the newspaper editor on the problems faced by them and suggest ways of rehabilitating them so that they, too, can have a better future. Write the letter in not more than 150 words.

 8.John writes a page of his diary recording his first experience of a public examination. Below are listed his experiences. Using these notes, write out a page of his diary is not more than 200 words.                                                  

Notes

            Nervous feeling - praying to God. lots of noises around - students rushing towards examination hall - finding the correct seats - condition of the examination hall - receiving the question paper - instructions from the examiner - reading of the paper - beginning to write - revising - rewriting - finishing in time.

ECO GGEO N CIVICS CLASS 9 REVISION

1.       Describe three main features of advancing monsson.

2.       What were the reserved constituencies? Why were they introduced?

3.       Explain any 3 powers of prime minister?

4.       Explain three causes of poverty in india?

5.       Explain how poverty line estimated in india?

6.       Explain main processes of change in population.

7.       What i buffer stock ? why is it created?

8.       Explain any five anti-poverty measures taken by the government of india?

9.       Name two houses of parliament ? which house has more power? Justify your answer?

10.   Describe five provisions of national population policy of 2000?

11.   Rights are very important in democracy-justify giving five points.

12.   Which rights are included in right to freedom. Explain.

13.   Explain the judicial review with reference to the supreme court of india?

14.   Explain the factors affecting the climate of india.

15.   Prime minister is the leader of the cabinet house.justify giving four example.

16.   Difference between lok sabha and rajya sabha.

17.   What is fci? What are its functions.

18.   Povert reduction is expected to make better progress in the next ten to fifteen years. Mention any 3 factors responsible for it.

19.   Difference between tropical evergreen and tropical deciduous forest.

20.   State three provisions under right aganst exploitation.

21.   Explain the three categories of occupation in india give eg.

TENSES CLASS 6-7

READ THE FOLLOWING PASSAGE AND USE THE CORRECT ANSWER.

Shanay______________(sit) in the waiting hall of his doctors clinic. Usually  , he _______________(keep) good health. But yesterday he got drenched in rain while coming home. It ____________________ (appear) that he ________________(now suffer) from cold, cough and a sore throat. Many people _________________(think)that a cold is a minor disease. So they _____________  (not care) for it. But shanay’s  experience ­______________(tell) him that a bad cold troublesome. So he ___________(not want) to neglect it. The doctor ____________(examine) some other patient. So Shanay ___________(wait ) for his turn.

Rewrite sentence into past perfect tense

1.      We enjoy a lot in party.

2.      My  mother was decorating the room.

3.      Did the music teacher give you any lesson on violin today?

4.      The salesman didn’t bring any samples with him.

5.      We will arrange a surprise party.

6.      Many students didn’t fail in the interview.

Rewrite in past perfect continuous tense

1.      It  had rained heavily last night.

2.      The peon had come with a leave request.

3.      Birds were flying in the overcast sky.

4.      Only few of us watched the match.

5.      What did you do since morning?

Rewrite in future perfect tense

1.      They will start their own business very soon.

2.      My friends are throwing a surprise party.

3.      The train left at 6.00 pm.

4.      They will shift to their new house next month.

5.      I shall return your money next month.

TYPES OF SENTENCES

State whether each of the foll.   Sentences   are Assertive, Exclamatory , Imperative and

1.       God save our Queen!

2.       When are you leaving for Dubai?

3.       The earth goes round the sun.

4.       A thing of beauty is a joy forever!

5.       Lend me your pen please.

6.       What a foolish idea!

7.       The children go to bed by seven.

8.       Don’t touch the exhibits.

9.       Mind your own business.

10.   How many pens do you have?

11.   I have only one pen.

12.   Where is the bird?

13.   The bird is sitting on the branch of the tree.

14.   How horrible the accident was!

15.   How sweet the song is!